#hhkb2020f. [hhkb2020_f]Random Max
[hhkb2020_f]Random Max
Problem Statement
There are continuous random variables (), each of which follows the continuous uniform distribution on the interval \[L_i, R_i\]. (That is, is a random variable that can take any real value between and (inclusive) with equal probability.)
Let be the expected value of the maximum of these random variables. Under the constraints in this problem, it can be proved that $E \\times (N+1)! \\times \\prod_{i=1}^N (R_i - L_i)$ is a positive integer. Find this value modulo .
Constraints
- All values in input are integers.
Input
Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:
Output
Print $E \\times (N+1)! \\times \\prod_{i=1}^N (R_i - L_i)$ modulo , as an integer.
Sample Input 1
1
1 2
Sample Output 1
3
The expected value of the maximum of these random variables - there is actually just one in this case - is equal to the median of the range of the values the variable can take, that is, .
Thus, the correct output is $E \\times (N+1)! \\times (R_1 - L_1) = E \\times 2 = 3$.
Sample Input 2
2
1 2
1 2
Sample Output 2
10
The expected value in question is .
Sample Input 3
2
1 2
2 4
Sample Output 3
36
Sample Input 4
5
40 96
81 92
16 384
32 768
65 536
Sample Output 4
52776507